Generalizations of the Liouville theorem

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to generalize the Liouville theorem for functions which are defined on the complete Riemannian manifolds. Then, we apply it to the isometric immersions between complete Riemannian manifolds in order to obtain an estimate for the size of the image of immersions in terms of the supremum of the length of their mean curvature vector in a quite general setting. The proofs are based on the Calabi's generalization of maximum principle for functions which are not necessarily differentiable

Domain Isolation in a Multi-Tenant Software-Defined Network

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has evolved as a new networking paradigm to solve many of current obstacles and limitations in communication networks. The SDN technology is going to be implemented in multi-tenant environments like data centers where several customers, which are called “tenants”, share network resources. In fact, the integration of SDN allows tenants in a shared network to have higher levels of control over available resources. While this approach has several advantages, the isolation between the tenants of a shared network becomes a vital factor which has not been discussed clearly so far. This thesis discusses multi-tenancy and explains current isolation approaches in a multi-tenant SDN. For increasing isolation between tenants, this thesis proposes a scalable solution that provides traffic isolation, address space isolation, control isolation and performance isolation. In the new system architecture, tenants are not limited to their own networks and they are able to make interaction with each other and external resources. Indeed, while tenants are isolated from each other, they are allowed to access special services offered by other tenants or external services outside of a shared network. The evaluation of the prototype proves that the new architecture provides a high level of isolation in a multi-tenant SDN and it is scalable enough to be implemented in large networks with millions of tenants

The Effect of Soil Reinforcement on the Stress and Strain Field Around Underground Square-Shaped Areas and its Internal Lining Efforts in Urban Areas

The passage of underground structures from the bottom of the structures on the ground causes a change in the stresses and strains created in the structure as well as the soil environment surrounding the tunnel due to the existence of an interaction between these two sides. In this way, the existence of the surface structure leads to a change in the strain and stress conditions around the tunnel, and in contrast, the tunnel also leads to a change in the stress and settlement around the structures. Therefore, such a reciprocal behavior is very important. In this research, with the help of Abaqus finite element software, two main possible conditions are considered: the creation of an underground structure in the presence of the superstructure, as well as the reverse state of the concept of constructing a building in the state in which the underground structure already exists. One of the subjects studied in this research is the physical modelling effect of the structure, rather than the effect of its wide load on the ground. Other parameters considered in this research are the number of story, the depth of the tunnel, the width of the tunnel, the thickness of the lining, the effect of changes in the soil parameters in the depth and the horizontal distance of the tunnel center from the building center. The results of this research are validated based on the results obtained by other researchers. According to the results obtained in this research, by the increase of the distance between the tunnel center and structure center and depending on the stiffness of the tunnel lining, significant asymmetric stresses are created in the superstructure. The construction of the structure before and after the tunnel construction can affect the unsymmetrical settlement of the structure The stress and strain created in the lining of the tunnel and the surrounding area are also different due to the amount of mobilized force in the reinforcements

Examinando el desplazamiento horizontal de la pared del diafragma abrazada por el puntal afectado por cimientos apilados adyacentes a excavaciones profundas urbanas

Utilizing the piled foundation is extremely important and applicable in the civil and geotechnical engineering due to the improvementin the bearing capacity. Employing urban deep excavations, on the other hand, is inevitable and examining the effect of the pile groupis significantly vital due to the nearness of adjacent structures. In this research, the effect of the pile group foundation on the diaphragm wall embraced with struts in urban deep excavations is examined using two-dimensional numerical modeling. The resultsobtained from modeling show that the horizontal distance between the foundation and the excavation edge and also the pile lengthcan significantly affect the horizontal displacement of the wall and the moment diagram imposed on the wall, so that the effect ofthe foundation on the wall is considerably reduced for the distance greater than a certain value

Examen de la relación entre usos de tierras comerciales y residenciales y consumo de energía usando Gis y modelo Vickor (estudio de caso: Distrito 6)

The city is a living thing whose population determines its future. Given its administrative and political pole in Iran, Tehran has attracted a significant population and District 6, given the establishment of commercial-administrative centers is the administrative pole. The purpose of the study was to examine and compare the energy consumption in the field of transportation and administrative-commercial buildings. For this purpose, the research method was based on a researcher-made questionnaire based on 6 main variables and 49 items. The sample size of 384 people was selected to reach the results using Cochran's test to answer. The study was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data collection was based on library documents, and Vikor test was used to rank energy consumption and reach the final results. It has to be acknowledged that the results showed a significant relationship between social and economic factors in the field of transportation and residential and commercial areas until the end of January 2019. Other cases followed a 5-year pattern with a not-so-low consumption rate. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between pollutant production and energy consumption in the second quarter of each year. The statistical results based on the Vickor model showed that the first and second conditions of the above statistical test were confirmed and Districts 2, 3 and 8 have the best rank in terms of Q value, respectively, and the final result is correct.La ciudad es un ser vivo cuya población determina su futuro. Dado su polo administrativo y político en Irán, Teherán ha atraído una población significativa y el Distrito 6 dado el establecimiento de centros comerciales-administrativos es el polo administrativo. El propósito del estudio fue examinar y comparar el consumo de energía en el ámbito del transporte y edificios administrativos-comerciales. Para ello, el método de investigación se basó en un cuestionario elaborado por el investigador basado en 6 variables principales y 49 ítems y para llegar a los resultados se seleccionó el tamaño de muestra de 384 personas mediante la prueba de Cochran para responder. El estudio se aplicó en términos de propósito y descriptivo-analítico en términos de naturaleza. La recopilación de datos se basó en documentos de la biblioteca y se utilizó la prueba de Vikor para clasificar el consumo de energía y llegar a los resultados finales. Hay que reconocer que los resultados mostraron una relación significativa entre los factores sociales y económicos en el ámbito del transporte y las áreas residenciales y comerciales que hasta finales de enero de 2019. Otros casos siguieron un patrón de 5 años con un no tan bajo tasa de consumo. Además, hubo una relación significativa entre la producción de contaminantes y el consumo de energía en el segundo trimestre de cada año. Los resultados estadísticos basados ​​en el modelo de Vickor mostraron que la primera y segunda condiciones de la prueba estadística anterior fueron confirmadas y los Distritos 2, 3 y 8 tienen el mejor rango en términos de valor Q, respectivamente, y el resultado final es correcto

FANTOM: Fault Tolerant Task-Drop Aware Scheduling for Mixed-Criticality Systems

Mixed-Criticality (MC) systems have emerged as an effective solution in various industries, where multiple tasks with various real-time and safety requirements (different levels of criticality) are integrated onto a common hardware platform. In these systems, a fault may occur due to different reasons, e.g., hardware defects, software errors or the arrival of unexpected events. In order to tolerate faults in MC systems, the re-execution technique is typically employed, which may lead to overrun of high-criticality tasks (HCTs), which necessitates the drop of low-criticality tasks (LCTs) or degrading their quality. However, frequent drops or relatively long execution times of LCTs (especially mission-critical tasks) are not always desirable and it may impose a negative impact on the performance, or the functionality of MC systems. In this regard, this article proposes a realistic MC task model and develops a design-time task-drop aware schedulability analysis based on the Earliest Deadline First with Virtual Deadline (EDF-VD) algorithm. According to this analysis and the proposed scheduling policy based on the new MC task model, in the high-criticality (HI) mode, when an HCT overruns and the system switches to the HI mode, the number of drops per LCT is prohibited from passing a predefined threshold. In addition, to guarantee the real-time constraints and safety requirements of MC tasks in the presence of faults (assuming transient faults in this article), a corresponding scheduling mechanism has been developed. According to the obtained results from an extensive set of simulations, which have been validated through a realistic avionic application, the proposed method improves the acceptance ratio by up to 43.9% compared to state-of-the-art

Organophosphorus Insecticide Poisoning Related Mortality and Neurotoxicity in Sabzevar

Background: This study aimed to assess mortality and neurotoxicity caused by the pesticide organophosphate and its correlation with the type of poison and treatment in patients admitted to Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar City, Iran, in 2018.Methods: Out of 122 cases, 52 patients (43.3%) were male, and 70 patients (56.9%) were female. The Mean±SD age of the men was 32.65±29.15, and women was 30±15.30 years.Results: Mortality in women and men was 10% and 17.3%, respectively. Among treated people, diazinon had the highest frequency of 76.4%, and among dead people from diazinon and malathion had the highest rates of 56.3% and 43.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of mortality in patients was 7.3% (n=9). As most people with organophosphorus poisoning have been exposed to diazinon toxins; therefore, strategies to prevent and reduce exposure to this toxin are essential